:root {
  --page-bg: #ffffff;
  --content-bg: #ffffff;
  --surface: #f5f8f7;
  --surface-strong: #edf3f1;
  --footer-bg: #ffffff;
  --text: #283238;
  --muted: #536168;
  --quiet: #637178;
  --heading: #244252;
  --link: #356b58;
  --link-hover: #244d40;
  --accent: #356b58;
  --line: #d9e2df;
  --soft-line: #e7ecea;
  --shadow: none;
  --font: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  --display-font: Iowan Old Style, Palatino Linotype, Book Antiqua, Georgia, serif;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  width: 100%;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 18px;
  scrollbar-gutter: stable;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

body {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 0;
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  background: var(--page-bg);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--font);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.62;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

button,
input,
select {
  color: inherit;
  font: inherit;
}

button {
  cursor: pointer;
}

img,
video {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

a {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: none;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--link-hover);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.bio-section p a,
.research-card > p a,
.news-list a,
.noscript-note a {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #8b6325;
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 100;
  top: 8px;
  left: 8px;
  transform: translateY(-160%);
  border-radius: 7px;
  background: #1f2a2f;
  color: #ffffff;
  padding: 8px 12px;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.page-shell {
  width: min(1040px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  overflow: visible;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: var(--content-bg);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.profile-header {
  min-height: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 136px minmax(0, 1fr);
  justify-content: stretch;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: center;
  background: var(--content-bg);
  padding: 38px 56px 32px;
}

.avatar {
  width: 136px;
  height: 136px;
  justify-self: start;
  border-radius: 5px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 0;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.profile-details h1 {
  margin: 0 0 7px;
  color: var(--heading);
  font-family: var(--display-font);
  font-size: clamp(34px, 4vw, 39px);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.role-line {
  margin: 0 0 13px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.role-line .institution {
  display: block;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.profile-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px 17px;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.profile-links a {
  position: relative;
}

.profile-links a:not(:last-child)::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  right: -9px;
  width: 2px;
  height: 2px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #a5afab;
}

.simple-nav {
  position: static;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--content-bg);
  padding: 10px 56px;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  backdrop-filter: none;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: none;
}

.simple-nav a {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.simple-nav a + a::before {
  content: "/";
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0 11px;
  color: #bbbbbb;
}

.main-content {
  padding: 48px 56px 68px;
}

.content-section {
  scroll-margin-top: 18px;
}

.content-section + .content-section {
  margin-top: 54px;
}

.bio-section {
  max-width: 890px;
  color: #39454a;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.67;
}

.bio-section p {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
}

.bio-section p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.bio-section p,
.research-introduction p,
.research-card > p,
.news-list li,
.publication-card :is(h3, h4) {
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.bio-credentials {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: inherit;
  line-height: inherit;
}

.bio-lead {
  color: inherit;
  font: inherit;
  letter-spacing: normal;
}

.guiding-question {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 22px 0 20px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 18px 0;
}

.guiding-question .guiding-question-label {
  color: var(--accent);
  font: inherit;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: inherit;
  text-transform: none;
}

.guiding-question .guiding-question-explanation {
  max-width: 850px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #39454a;
  font-size: inherit;
  line-height: inherit;
}

.content-section h2 {
  margin: 0 0 15px;
  color: var(--heading);
  font-family: var(--display-font);
  font-size: 29px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.section-heading-row {
  display: block;
  max-width: 890px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.section-heading-row h2 {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.research-introduction p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #39454a;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.67;
}

.research-framework {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 890px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) clamp(190px, 25vw, 232px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
  margin: 0 0 25px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 20px 0 21px;
}

.framework-stage {
  min-width: 0;
  display: grid;
  justify-items: center;
  align-content: center;
  gap: 4px;
  text-align: center;
}

.framework-label {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.framework-stage strong {
  color: var(--heading);
  font-family: var(--display-font);
  font-size: 21px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.framework-detail {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.framework-bridge {
  min-width: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-rows: auto 30px;
  justify-items: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-align: center;
}

.framework-bridge-label {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  white-space: nowrap;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.005em;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-align: center;
}

.framework-arrow {
  display: block;
  color: var(--accent);
  opacity: 0.82;
}

.framework-arrow--horizontal {
  width: min(218px, 100%);
  height: 30px;
}

.framework-arrow--vertical {
  display: none;
}

.framework-arrow svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: visible;
}

.framework-arrow-line,
.framework-arrow-head {
  fill: none;
  stroke: currentColor;
  stroke-width: 2.6;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}

.framework-arrow-head {
  stroke-linejoin: round;
}

.framework-arrow-line--soft,
.framework-arrow-line--strong {
  opacity: 1;
}

.framework-arrow-origin {
  fill: currentColor;
  opacity: 1;
}


.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0 36px;
}

.research-card {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 0;
  min-height: 0;
  overflow: visible;
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 18px 0 20px;
}

.research-card h3 {
  position: relative;
  text-wrap: balance;
  z-index: 1;
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: var(--heading);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.research-card > p {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.62;
}

.research-card .research-division {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 0 0 9px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.42;
}

.research-division span + span {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--soft-line);
  padding-left: 10px;
}

.research-division strong {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 1px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.075em;
  line-height: 1.35;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-card .representative-work {
  margin-top: 11px;
  border-top: 0;
  padding-top: 0;
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.58;
}

.representative-work strong {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.representative-example {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 5px;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.research-topic-link {
  color: inherit;
}

.research-topic-link::after {
  content: none;
}

.research-topic-link:hover,
.research-topic-link.active {
  color: var(--link);
}

.research-synthesis {
  max-width: 890px;
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.62;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.research-synthesis a {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.news-scroll {
  max-height: 180px;
  overflow-y: auto;
  overscroll-behavior-y: contain;
  scrollbar-gutter: stable;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
  scrollbar-color: var(--quiet) var(--surface);
  padding-right: 12px;
}

.news-scroll:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

.news-list,
.research-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 23px;
}

.news-list li,
.research-list li {
  margin: 5px 0;
  padding-left: 2px;
}

.news-date {
  display: inline-block;
  min-width: 61px;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: 14px;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.publications-title-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.publications-title-row h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.view-switch {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.view-switch button,
.topic-line button,
.archive-status button,
.load-more {
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--link);
}

.view-switch button {
  min-height: 31px;
  border-radius: 0;
  padding: 4px 0;
}

.view-switch button:hover,
.archive-status button:hover,
.load-more:hover {
  color: var(--heading);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.topic-line button:hover {
  border-color: transparent;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--link-hover);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.view-switch button.active,
.topic-line button.active {
  color: var(--heading);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: default;
}

.view-switch button.active {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--heading);
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.publication-filter-panel {
  border: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 12px 0 0;
}

.topic-line {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 5px 12px;
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 16px;
}

.topic-line strong {
  margin-right: 3px;
  color: var(--text);
}

.topic-line button {
  min-height: 30px;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  padding: 2px 0;
}

.topic-line button.active {
  border-color: transparent;
  background: transparent;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.publication-controls {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 155px;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 0 0 9px;
}

.search-field,
.year-field {
  display: block;
}

.search-field input,
.year-field select {
  width: 100%;
  height: 40px;
  border: 1px solid #cbd6d2;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: #ffffff;
  padding: 7px 10px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 15px;
}

.search-field input:focus,
.year-field select:focus {
  border-color: var(--heading);
  outline: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(86, 108, 127, 0.12);
}

.search-field input:focus-visible,
.year-field select:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid #8b6325;
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.archive-status {
  min-height: 34px;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: 13px;
}

.archive-status button {
  font-size: 13px;
}

.publication-list {
  display: grid;
}

.noscript-note {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.publication-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 210px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 22px;
  align-items: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--soft-line);
  padding: 21px 4px;
}

.publication-media {
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 128px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--soft-line);
  border-radius: 9px;
  background: #f1f4f3;
}

.publication-media img,
.publication-media video {
  width: 100%;
  height: 128px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.publication-media video {
  background: #eeeeee;
}

.publication-media-link {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: inherit;
}

.publication-media-link:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.publication-media-fallback span {
  color: #b2b2b2;
  font-size: 26px;
}

.publication-card-body {
  min-width: 0;
}

.publication-card :is(h3, h4) {
  margin: 0 0 5px;
  color: #26343b;
  font-size: 18.5px;
  font-weight: 650;
  line-height: 1.38;
}

.publication-card :is(h3, h4) a {
  color: inherit;
}

.publication-card :is(h3, h4) a:hover {
  color: var(--link);
}

.authors {
  margin: 0 0 4px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.authors a {
  color: inherit;
}

.authors a:hover {
  color: var(--link);
}

.authors strong {
  color: #26343b;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.publication-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0 5px;
  margin: 0 0 3px;
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: 13px;
}

.publication-topic-tag {
  min-height: 24px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.publication-topic-tag:hover,
.publication-topic-tag.active {
  color: var(--link);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.publication-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: baseline;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 15px;
}

.publication-links a {
  font-weight: 500;
}

.publication-links a + a::before {
  content: "/";
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0 7px;
  color: #bbbbbb;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.publication-links .conference-link {
  color: #26343b;
  font-weight: 650;
}

.publication-distinction {
  display: inline-block;
  color: #716b64;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.publication-distinction::before {
  content: "\00b7";
  margin: 0 4px;
  color: #aaaaaa;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.publication-distinction--award {
  color: #875344;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.empty-state {
  margin-top: 15px;
  border: 1px dashed var(--line);
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: var(--surface);
  padding: 34px 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 14px;
  text-align: center;
}

.load-more {
  display: block;
  min-height: 36px;
  margin: 18px auto 0;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  padding: 5px 0;
  font-size: 14px;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.load-sentinel {
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
}

.contribution-note {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: 13px;
  text-align: left;
}

.site-footer {
  min-height: 62px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--footer-bg);
  padding: 20px 34px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 13px;
}

@media (max-width: 1000px) {
  .page-shell {
    margin-inline: auto;
  }

  .profile-header {
    grid-template-columns: 144px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 28px;
    padding-inline: 42px;
  }

  .avatar {
    width: 136px;
    height: 136px;
  }

  .main-content {
    padding-inline: 42px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .research-framework {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 14px;
    padding: 18px 0 20px;
  }

  .framework-stage {
    width: min(100%, 560px);
    margin-inline: auto;
  }

  .framework-bridge {
    grid-template-rows: auto 60px;
    gap: 5px;
    margin: 2px 0;
  }

  .framework-bridge-label {
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .framework-arrow--horizontal {
    display: none;
  }

  .framework-arrow--vertical {
    width: 30px;
    height: 60px;
    display: block;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  body {
    background: var(--content-bg);
  }

  .page-shell {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .profile-header {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 18px;
    padding: 30px 23px 26px;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .avatar {
    width: 132px;
    height: 132px;
    justify-self: center;
  }

  .profile-details h1 {
    font-size: 36px;
  }

  .profile-links {
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 7px 14px;
  }

  .profile-links a:not(:last-child)::after {
    display: none;
  }

  .simple-nav {
    justify-content: center;
    padding-inline: 18px;
  }

  .main-content {
    padding: 35px 22px 48px;
  }

  .content-section + .content-section {
    margin-top: 44px;
  }


  .guiding-question {
    margin: 22px 0 21px;
    padding: 17px 0 18px;
  }

  .research-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .research-card {
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .publications-title-row {
    align-items: flex-start;
  }

  .publication-filter-panel {
    padding-inline: 0;
  }

  .publication-controls {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 11px;
    padding: 20px 0;
  }

  .publication-media {
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .publication-media img,
  .publication-media video {
    height: auto;
    max-height: 230px;
  }

  .site-footer {
    padding-inline: 21px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .simple-nav a + a::before {
    margin-inline: 7px;
  }

  .topic-line {
    gap: 6px;
  }

  .topic-line strong {
    flex-basis: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 1px;
  }

  .topic-line button {
    min-height: 34px;
    padding-inline: 9px;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }
}


[hidden] { display: none !important; }
/* Section titles share a full-width divider. */
.content-section .ruled-heading {
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.publications-title-row.ruled-heading {
  align-items: baseline;
  column-gap: 14px;
  row-gap: 4px;
}

/* The full publication archive uses the site's existing typography and colors. */
.publication-archive .archive-year {
  margin-top: 30px;
}
.publication-archive .archive-year > h2 {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 24px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.publication-archive .archive-paper {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  padding: 19px 0;
}

/* Fine serif dagger for corresponding authors. */
.corresponding-marker {
  font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: normal;
}
.authors .corresponding-marker {
  display: inline-block;
  position: relative;
  top: -0.3em;
  margin-left: 0.08em;
  font-size: 0.82em;
  line-height: 0;
}

/* The selected list is organized by research area. */
.selected-group-title {
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  padding: 11px 16px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
  background: var(--surface);
  color: var(--heading);
  font-family: var(--display-font);
  font-size: 23px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
}
.selected-publication-group + .selected-publication-group { margin-top: 38px; }

.publication-media-empty { height: 130px; min-height: 130px; }

/* Emphasized research direction matches the site accent. */
.bio-section strong { color: var(--accent); }

/* Original visitor map, centered below the selected publications. */
.visitor-map { margin-top: 48px; padding-top: 28px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); text-align: center; }
.visitor-map > div, .visitor-map > a { margin-inline: auto; }
.visitor-map img, .visitor-map iframe { max-width: 100%; margin-inline: auto; }

.services-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 140px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 12px 24px; margin: 0; }
.services-list dt { color: var(--heading); font-weight: 600; }
.services-list dd { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); }
@media (max-width: 680px) { .services-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 6px; } }

.publications-title-row .full-publication-link {
  margin-left: auto;
  color: var(--quiet);
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 400;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.publications-title-row .full-publication-link:hover {
  color: var(--link);
}